Avaliação da política das parcerias para o desenvolvimento produtivo: um enfoque sobre a capacidade produtiva nacional

Abstract

This thesis examined the extent to which Brazil’s Partnerships for Productive Development (PDPs) have contributed to import substitution and to strengthening the national productive capacity within the Health Economic-Industrial Complex. Guided by a formative evaluation approach, the research combined an integrative literature review, documentary analysis, construction of original indicators, and assessment of import and export series from 2011 to 2024. The study assumes that sanitary autonomy depends on the articulation between productive structure, technological innovation, and health access policies. The findings indicate that PDPs generated relevant but uneven advances. Partnerships involving synthetic medicines showed more robust performance, with a gradual decline in imports, expansion of domestic manufacturing infrastructure, and greater stability in supply to the Unified Health System (SUS). Conversely, biotechnology platforms remained highly dependent on imported critical inputs, revealing structural weaknesses in the internalization of complex technological routes and in the consolidation of national productive capacity. Significant asymmetries were also identified among public laboratories, with technological capabilities concentrated in a limited number of institutions, which restricts systemic learning and weakens the broader impact of the policy. The study proposed indicators of productive and technological sustainability capable of capturing, in an integrated manner, variables such as relative autonomy, technological maturation time, continuity of production, and the effective potential for import substitution. These indicators revealed patterns associated with the stages of the partnerships, discontinuities in critical moments of technology transfer, and vulnerabilities intensified by institutional instability after 2017. Cases of successful internalization and emerging export capacity illustrate the potential of the policy when supported by regulatory stability and sustained investment. The thesis concludes that PDPs remain a strategic policy instrument for strengthening the Health Economic-Industrial Complex and advancing national productive capacity. However, the full achievement of technological and sanitary sovereignty requires long-term industrial planning, restructuring of the pharmochemical base, expansion of innovation capabilities, and closer integration with research and development programs. Although progress has been made, PDPs have not yet fully transformed the structural dependence that underpins the Brazilian health-industrial system.