Diretrizes globais de governança de museus, referências internacionais e os desafios do sistema brasileiro: uma análise como proposta de classificação da museologia em três níveis de planejamento

Abstract

This thesis addresses global museum governance guidelines using the International Council of Museums (ICOM) as its main reference, highlighting aspects that denote its influence on museum legislation and governance in different countries. The research is supported by a selection of four international references: Spain, France, England and Portugal, with their respective characteristics and developments in the museological field. In contrast, the national case is addressed, recognizing the coherence of the Brazilian Museum System (SBM) in terms of adherence to global governance guidelines. To contextualize the discussion, theoretical foundations are presented to explain the relationship between culture, museums, governance, and development, considering museums as drivers of urban development within the field of Urban and Regional Planning (URP). Likewise, some current museological concepts and paradigms are addressed, as well as the construction of the museum throughout history and its advancement from local memory to global reality. The problem to be answered i show the application of global museum governance guidelines, also adhered to by international references, is structured in Brazil and what are the challenges taking into account local and regional particularities, and how museology could bem worked on in the planning sphere seeking to promote more efficient management of instructions. To achieve the objective of answering this question, an analysis of the findings is carried out based on a proposal to classify museology into three levels of planning. The thesis defended is that museology is a science in the context of governance and at the level of strategic planning, as well as a scientific discipline at the level of tactical planning, focused on administration and management, and an applied discipline at the level of operational planning, focused on daily practice in museums. Thus, some of the challenges of Brazilian museums are identified and pointed out, organized according to the afore mentioned proposal for classification of museology. The results indicate that Brazil follows the global museum governance guidelines launched by ICOM, but would need a more appropriate structure in administrative, technical and operational terms. The research method used is theoretical, with a qualitative approach based on the analysis and interpretation of data collected from bibliographic and documentary sources, available in printed and digital documentary courses, available in printed and digital media. The text is divided into seven chapters: the first is devoted to the introduction, the second addresses the theoretical references, the third chapter is devoted to the explanation of the scientific methodology applied, while the fourth presentes the data collected. The fifth chapter presents the analysis based on the findings and then presents the proposal for classifying museology into three levels of planning, ending with the seventh chapter with the final considerations.