Aplicação de agentes biológicos no sulco de semeadura e sua relação com o rendimento da cultura da soja

Abstract

The soybean crop (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is one of the main agricultural commodities cultivated and traded worldwide, leading global production and consumption of anual oilseeds, and being widely used in both human and animal nutrition. To prevent yield losses caused by pathogens, several cultural practices are adopted, including phytosanitary management, with the use of biological products showing increasing importance. Among the microorganisms employed, Bradyrhizobium stands out for its ability to promote biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). Various species of Trichoderma and Bacillus are used to reduce the initial inoculum of diseases, effectively controlling phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria. Pantoea agglomerans is applied as a nutriente solubilizer. In this context, studies were developed with the objective of evaluating the effect of applying bioinputs directly in the planting furrow in soybean crops inoculated with microorganisms of the genera Trichoderma spp., Bacillus spp., Pantoea agglomerans, and Bradyrhizobium spp. in the Southwest region of Paraná, considering the improvement of parameters related to productivity. The experiments were conducted in commercial soybean production areas located in the municipalities of Pato Branco, Mariópolis, Renascença, Vitorino, and Francisco Beltrão, in Southwestern Paraná. Sowing took place between September 5 and 25, during the 2024/2025 growing season, using cultivars adapted to the region. Base fertilization was determined according to the soil analysis of each area. Weed, pest, and foliar disease management was carried out uniformly across all plots, following technical recommendations. The results indicate that the use of biological agents Trichoderma spp., Bacillus spp., P. agglomerans, and Bradyrhizobium in the planting furrow of soybean crops promotes yield increase, directly associated with a higher number of pods per plant.