Influência da grã nas propriedades dinâmicas e acústicas de revestimentos de madeira

Abstract

Wood is a versatile and easily accessible natural resource that has been widely used by society to meet its basic needs since ancient times. As an universal, economical, durable and renewable material, the various known applications play a crucial role in societal development, whether directly or indirectly. When evaluating the use of acoustic coatings, it is important to consider that the composition of materials influences environmental comfort. In the case of wood, these properties are affected by its variability between species, each with different cellular compositions. Wood grain is an organoleptic characteristic resulting from different fiber arrangement patterns, which can affect the mechanical properties, processing, aesthetics and applicability of the material, as well as its density and porosity. This study aims to identify whether the grain affects wood coatings by subjecting samples to free vibration tests to analyze the dynamic properties of the material and acoustic tests to determine sound insulation performance. This approach allowed for the identification of correlations between the natural frequency of vibration, a well-known control variable, and the material’s sound absorption coefficients, further advancing research on the topic. The sduty results showed that the wood’s grain has the power to influence the acoustic behavior of wood, precisely due to the arrangement – or disarray – of the fibers that make it up, which can be enhanced by the density of the species compared to others. It was found that the variability in the grain’s typology, as well as environmental, processing, and conditioning conditions of the samples, can result in different parameters within the same species. Additionally, the samples achieved satisfactory results for specific frequency ranges that are relevant for architectural applications, aiming for greater efficiency in acoustic isolation.