Práticas de políticas públicas de empreendedorismo para população em situação de vulnerabilidade social em cidades selecionadas no Sul do Brasil

Abstract

This investigation examines social vulnerability at its intersection with entrepreneurship in the Southern region of Brazil, recognizing it as a multifaceted phenomenon that transcends the economic dimension and impacts an individual’s ability to access opportunities. Given the traditional approach to entrepreneurship, which often disregards the complex conditions of the vulnerable population, this study problematizes the public policies designed to stimulate entrepreneurship for this population segment. The general objective of the research is to investigate the public policies for stimulating and supporting entrepreneurship for people in situations of social vulnerability in five selected cities in the Southern region of Brazil. To this end, the study aims to survey existing policies, identify their funding sources, and compare them based on official documents and relevant legislation. Methodologically, the research adopts an exploratory and qualitative approach, based on a bibliographic and documentary survey. It uses a systematic literature review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (Prisma) protocol and content analysis. The results reveal a pattern of fragmentation and disarticulation in public entrepreneurship policies, which tend to focus on isolated supports such as funding and microcredit, without establishing robust synergies between training, infrastructure, and commercialization. A notable regulatory gap is identified for historically marginalized groups, such as chemical dependents, Black people, immigrants, traditional communities, and LGBTQIAPN+ individuals, who have low or no visibility in entrepreneurship legislation. This structural disarticulation and the lack of adequate focus compromise the effectiveness of the policies, limiting their potential to promote the transition from subsistence entrepreneurship to opportunity entrepreneurship and to generate significant socioeconomic impact. It is concluded that, for entrepreneurship to act as an effective vector for inclusion and sustainable development, public policies require a more systemic, integrated, and cross-cutting approach that responds to the complex and diverse manifestations of social vulnerability and builds a more cohesive and equitable support ecosystem.