Escola de Ensino Montessori no bairro Guabirotuba: cultivando a criatividade e autonomia das crianças

Abstract

This monograph addresses the relationship between education and architecture, highlighting the physical environment in the educational process. The influence of architecture on the Montessori methodology is discussed, highlighting the flexibility and personalization of this method in contrast to traditional approaches. The emphasis on autonomy, respect for the pace of learning and interaction with the environment are fundamental pillars in Montessori education. Therefore, architecture plays an important role in creating stimulating and welcoming spaces that are conducive to learning. In this way, this work proposes the theoretical basis for the development of an architectural project for a Montessori public school in the Guabirotuba neighborhood of Curitiba. The analyses carried out reveal that, although this neighborhood has a significant school-age population, there is a lack of elementary schools in the region to meet this demand. Therefore, this paper discusses the origins of the Montessori approach and how its foundations arrived in Brazil, the stages of children’s development, which will be important for the application of the method, and the relationship between Montessori teaching and architecture, listing the characteristics of a Montessori school. In order to better understand how these educational spaces work, three case studies were analyzed, which present similar proposals to this work, facilitating an understanding of the compositional, technical and implementation aspects. In addition, this study covers the analysis of the interpretation of reality, encompassing the historical context, socio-economic data and school rates, in order to identify the area of intervention in the Guabirotuba neighborhood. Based on the data obtained, design guidelines were developed with a view to drawing up an appropriate program of needs and implementation, with the aim of designing a safe and welcoming environment for the development of educational activities.