Espaço público e apropriação social: um novo projeto de paisagismo para o centro cívico do Paraná

Abstract

The central square of the Civic Center of Paraná is emptied due to the non – appropriation of the population of the city, becoming a huge parking lot for civil servants of the State. In addition, in the external ar ea of the Oscar Niemeyer Museum, private entertainment events take place sporadically, which accumulate an expressive number, selected, of people in public areas. This statement points to a problem in which we do not know the origin and accept what it is currently, without challenge. Therefore, the research seeks to discuss the p ubl ic space from the perspective of the production of space, that is, it intends to locate and understand this dynamic of the use, or non -use, of public spaces. In this sense, we propose an analysis of these from the transformations that occurred in the Civic Center of Curitiba. To this end, it is based on an analysis of sp at ial determinations, in its constitution and production of the city. It is about u nveiling how the productive process demands in every moment of history, conditions for t he development of capitalism, through the occupation and reproduction of space, considering the aspects of architecture and urbanism that contribute t o t he operation of the production process of this. In view of the above, it is emphasized that the capitalist production process contributes to the inactivity of t he public sphere and the lack of citizenship. This monograph proposes the elaboration of a new urban and landscape design project for the Curitiba Civic Center, in orde r to resume the use of public space in the building-free spaces. Its goal is to offer the population a m ore free space, resuming concepts such as active political participation. For this, spaces need to guarantee accessibility for all, that is, the collect ive space, where politics is exercised through discourse. Due to the extension of the Intervention area of the Civic Center (390,790 m²) there is a need to separate in smaller squares, because an overly large square goes beyond the limits of the hum anscale and does not guarantee the exchange. However, care should be taken not to create sectorized spaces that segregate users, or landscape interventions that may interfere with existing historical heritage; transmit the idea of projective continuity to stimulate walkability and security through space; vto provide the built Heritage; to offer a space that offers various uses: festivities, gymkhana fairs, cultural expression, etc. In view of the above, we seek the minimum intervention, whic h guarantees the “value of use”, resuming a vitality of use in the sense of the public sphere (ARENDT, 2000), which are related to the main idea of the project that is to integrate the different demands of use and segments of the population of Cur it iba. The methodology adopted for the research started from the establishment of the theoretical framework on the subject and the subjects related to the research. For the characterization of the area, a descriptive and analytical exploratory research was conducted, based on site visits, photographic records, data collections wit h gov ernment agencies, municipalities and secretariats. For case studies, research was made about projects related to the theme addressed, through bibliographic research, analysis of records and comparison with elements similar to the analyzed project.