Desenvolvimento de filmes de blendas de PLA e PBAT: análise das propriedades para uso industrial sustentável

Abstract

The significant increase in solid waste generation, especially single-use plastic packaging, has contributed to worsening environmental impacts such as ecosystem pollution and waste accumulation in landfills and natural environments. In this context, the development of alternative materials to conventional polymers — those with lower environmental impact and greater degradation potential, known as green polymers —has become urgent. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical properties of polymeric films composed of PLA, PBAT, and their blends in ratios of 95g/5g, 90g/10g, and 85g/15g (PLA/PBAT and PBAT/PLA), obtained by solvent evaporation, focusing on their application as a viable alternative for more sustainable packaging. The samples were characterized using thermal analysis techniques (DSC and TGA) and mechanical tensile tests. The methodology allowed assessment of the material’s behavior in response to varying blend compositions, considering aspects such as polymer miscibility, thermal stability, and tensile strength. The results showed that the blends exhibited thermal behavior similar to pure PLA, with intermediate thermal stability. Mechanically, increased PBAT content improved flexibility, although it reduced tensile strength. Overall, the analyzed PLA/PBAT blends showed satisfactory performance, proving to be a viable and sustainable alternative by balancing functional performance with lower environmental impact compared to conventional polymers. This study contributes to the expansion of sustainable alternatives in the packaging sector, aligning technological innovation with environmental responsibility.