Controle de qualidade em um equipamento de raios X didático universitário

Abstract

In addition to their applications in the health, veterinary and industrial fields, X-ray equipment plays a significant role in the educational context. Specifically, these devices are essential for the training and development of new professionals, including radiology technicians and technologists. In addition, X-ray equipment is widely used in research and teaching activities in academic institutions and study centers, promoting the expansion of scientific knowledge and facilitating advanced research in areas related to the use of X-rays. Quality control tests are essential to maintain the quality of equipment, and X-ray equipment is no different. Although educational equipment is not subject to mandatory inspection by ANVISA, it is important to apply quality control tests to ensure the safety and optimization of this equipment for classes and studies. In this study, the following quality control tests were performed on the conventional X-ray equipment of the Federal Technological University of Paraná: Accuracy test of the light field indicator, accuracy and reproducibility of the tube voltage, reproducibility and linearity of the air kerma rate, X-ray tube performance, accuracy and reproducibility of the exposure time, semi-reducing layer, focal point and skin entry dose. The evaluations were conducted in accordance with the tolerance and restriction level criteria established by Normative Instruction No. 90/2021. Eight tests were performed, of which the equipment did not comply with four of them: Tube voltage accuracy test; Air kerma rate accuracy and reproducibility; exposure time accuracy and reproducibility; and semi-reducing layer. Regarding the other tests, the equipment complied with the aforementioned regulations. Even though the equipment is not at its full potential, it can still be used in studies and teaching, because knowing the limitations of the equipment, you can compensate and correct your techniques to have an X-ray beam with the desired quality.