Técnicas de imagens radiológicas como determinantes na localização do foco epileptogênico para o sucesso do tratamento cirúrgico

Abstract

Resection surgeries of the epileptogenic focus (EF), for many epileptic patients, especially those with refractory epilepsy, have become an option for reducing or eliminating epileptic seizures. For the surgical procedure, after a detailed anamnesis, a multidimensional investigation is conducted to gather a complete and integrated view of information for better diagnosis. In this pre-surgical stage, radiological imaging techniques are crucial to the success of the surgical treatment, as they assist in identifying the EF with greater precision. The aim of this study was to emphasize the importance of radiology in the treatment of patients with epilepsy who require surgery on the epileptogenic focus. A literature review was conducted to analyze the use of radiological imaging techniques for detecting the EF to ensure the success of the surgical treatment. The techniques studied included magnetic resonance imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and singlephoton emission computed tomography. The effectiveness and performance of these techniques were discussed, as well as their complementarity in locating the EF. It was concluded that the correct identification of the EF is critical for the surgery to remove it. The fundamental role of the radiology professional in operating imaging equipment should not be overlooked. For a successful surgical treatment, the entire radiology team must work in harmony to ensure sufficient images are obtained for an accurate diagnosis.