Avanço da mobilidade elétrica, alteração no perfil de carga e seu impacto na rede de distribuição

Abstract

The growing need for more sustainable technologies has been concentrated in the transport sector. Combustion vehicles, still predominant, are major emitters of polluting gases, só to solve this problem it is necessary to advance large-scale electric mobility. The electrification of transport is considered a priority in some countries, especially in Europe, with the aim of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Given this scenario, major car manufacturers have launched hybrid and fully electric models to meet growing demand. However, charging infrastructure for electric vehicles is fundamental, the growth of this area in Brazil reflects the need to meet the demand for these new electric vehicles that are still gaining popularity. In this context, this work proposes an analysis of the impact resulting from the new load profile caused by charging electric vehicles on the energy distribution network. As a result, two scenario analyzes will be developed: one on the impact of charging electric vehicles on the distribution network in the state of São Paulo and another to assess the feasibility of using electric vehicles on long-distance trips. As the scale of electric vehicle charging increases, the challenges posed by this new charging profile grow. This significantly impacts both the distribution network and the energy generation system. In a scenario where 50% of vehicles are purely electric, the state of São Paulo would face difficulties, as its current infrastructure would not be able to support this new demand.