Procedimento computacional de avaliação dinâmica do risco de delirium em idosos em unidade de terapia intensiva

Abstract

Clinical Engineering is defined as the branch of engineering dedicated to assisting in the health area, aiming to achieve well-being, safety, cost reduction and quality in the services available to patients and to the multidisciplinary team of the hospital, through the application from managerial and engineering knowledge to health technology. When the diagnosis does not occur and is not evaluated correctly, medical and nursing interventions can be used in an inadequate way, that is, the behaviors may not contribute at all to the improvement of the patient or mask the identification of a disease. The Delirium presented in elderly patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit is currently related to a longer hospitalization period, a greater possibility of re-hospitalization and institutionalization, a decrease in cognitive and/or functional domain. However, the diagnosis of delirium is insufficiently recognized by the multiprofessional team. The main objective of this dissertation was to develop a computational procedure of dynamic evaluation that classifies the risk of developing Delirium in the elderly hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit. It is a descriptive, quantitative and qualitative research; technological development with experimental development, aimed at the materialization of a product, prototype, process, software. This study was carried out with the search of records of patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit, aged 60 or over, with more than 24 hours of hospitalization and at least two risk factors for the development of Delirium. A total of 214 elderly patients admitted to an intensive care unit were evaluated; of these, 17 patients had a diagnosis of Delirium. He observed in this research that Delirium is a clinical event of high incidence in the elderly hospitalized in intensive care unit, but is still little diagnosed. The computational procedure elaborated in this study determines the risk of developing Delirium, being this risk classified as low, medium and high; providing a tool for its diagnosis and for the prescription of preventive measures for the Delirium event, according to the determined risk.