Inserção da física nuclear no ensino médio: uma sequência didática sob a perspectiva da história da ciência

Abstract

The study of Nuclear Physics is less and less present in High School. This is partly due to the absence of quality material on the subject, but also due to the lack of knowledge of teachers about this important field of Physics, especially in relation to its historical perspective. The general objective of this work is to develop a didactic sequence to address fundamental concepts of Nuclear Physics, through a historical and conceptual approach. For this purpose, theoretical-bibliographic research was used in databases and books pointed out in the National Book and Didactic Material Program of 2018 and 2021. A qualitative research of these materials was carried out, with the intention of examining the feasibility of approaching Nuclear Physics from a historical perspective in them. It was possible to observe that the textbooks examined discuss some concepts of Nuclear Physics, eventually citing historical episodes and information about the lives of scientists, in such a way that it was necessary to use other sources for the production of the didactic sequence. Thus, the proposed classes relate the concepts of Nuclear Physics with its historical development, in addition to presenting the applications that this theme raises, which makes them possible to be applied in High School.