Competências e habilidades de ciências na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC): aproximações com letramento científico

Abstract

Science teaching in the final years of primary school plays an essential role in training critical citizens who are prepared for contemporary challenges. The general aim of this study was to analyse how science teaching is proposed in the National Common Core Curriculum (BNCC), focusing on the thematic units, knowledge objects, skills and competences specific to the area of natural sciences. The specific objectives include a detailed survey of these elements in the BNCC, as well as reflection on the characteristics and pedagogical implications of the curriculum proposal. The research adopted a qualitative approach, using Content Analysis of the BNCC document to identify emerging categories related to the promotion of scientific literacy and the challenges of implementing competences in the school context. The emerging categories emphasise, on the one hand, the link between specific competences and the development of scientific literacy, highlighting the commitment to comprehensive, ethical and civic education for students. On the other hand, they point to the challenges and obstacles faced in realising these competences in teaching practices and in the reality of schools. Finally, the study invites reflection on the importance of science teaching, with a focus on competences in the area of natural sciences, as a tool for building a more aware, critical and sustainable society, reinforcing the role of education in preparing for the social, environmental and technological challenges of the 21st century