Extração de compostos antioxidantes do cogumelo shiitake (Lentinula edodes) através do líquido iônico acetato de 2-hidroxietilamônio

Abstract

Shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) are known for their nutritional and therapeutic properties, and are widely used in Chinese medicine. Some studies have indicated the presence of antioxidants in these mushrooms; however, there is little research on the extraction of antioxidant compounds from shiitake mushrooms using ionic liquids (LI). Therefore, in this study, we investigated the extraction of antioxidant compounds from shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) using the ionic liquid 2-hydroxyethylammonium acetate. In this study, a 23-0 factorial design was used, with independent variables including the concentration of the ionic liquid (0.4, 1.2, and 2.0 Mol), temperature (25, 45, and 60 °C), and extraction time in an ultrasonic bath (30, 45, and 60 min). The methodology used for the estimation of total phenolic compounds utilized the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, and antioxidant activity was evaluated using two methods: DPPH radical scavenging and ABTS radical scavenging. After the extraction process and analyses, measured by spectrophotometry, the values of total phenolic compounds in the sample ranged from 18.43 mg 100 g-1 to 32.71 mg 100 g-1, while antioxidant activity, measured by DPPH and ABTS analyses, showed variations from 0.09 mM TE g-1 to 0.73 mM TE g-1 and from 1.48 mg 100 g-1 to 2.20 mg 100 g-1, respectively. Based on the conditions used and the statistical analysis performed, it can be concluded that, for each dependent variable, there was an optimal experiment. Thus, the independent variables considered statistically significant (p<0) for the levels of DPPH and total phenolics were the LI concentration and temperature, whereas for ABTS analysis, none of the independent variables were statistically significant in the extraction process.