Efeitos no balanço hídrico das águas pluviais urbanas em pavimentos pré-fabricados drenantes e não drenantes

Abstract

Unplanned urban growth often leads to frequent flooding problems due to the low infiltration rate of stormwater. During urbanization, vegetation cover is replaced by impermeable surfaces, which prevent water from infiltrating the soil. This process contributes to increased runoff velocity and volume, raising peak flows and causing floods. In this context, permeable pavements emerge as an alternative to enhance infiltration and consequently reduce surface runoff. This study aimed to compare non-permeable pavers, permeable pavers, non-permeable paver slabs, and permeable paver slabs in terms of infiltration capacity, and to analyze their impacts on peak flow in urban areas with both low and high population density. The experiments were carried out at the company Pavimenti Blocos e Pavers Ltda., in the municipality of Francisco Beltrão – PR, and simulations were conducted for different scenarios. The results showed how various paving techniques influence infiltration capacity in urban areas, contributing to mitigating flood events caused by extreme rainfall. In high-density urban areas, the use of permeable pavements resulted in an average reduction of 5% in peak flow compared to non-permeable pavements, with the greatest reduction observed for a 100-year return period. In low-density areas, the average reduction was around 10%, also with the most significant effect observed for the 100-year return period.