Produção de hidratante corporal a partir da pectina e compostos bioativos da casca da banana verde

Abstract

Bananas are considered one of the most consumed foods in the world. They are tropical fruits, native to Southeast Asia, and belong to the Musaceae family, with over 700 varieties, including silver bananas, dwarf bananas, apples, earth bananas, pacovan bananas and dwarf bananas. Green banana peels, which are considered organic waste, are rich in essential nutrients, carbohydrates, fiber, vitamin C and B vitamins. They also contain bioactive ingredients such as antioxidants, phenolics, flavonoids and phytosterols, as well as resistant starch and pectin. Incorrect disposal of banana peels can cause environmental damage. Given the importance of proper disposal, there are ways to reuse this organic waste. The present work aimed to obtain pectin through extraction in acidic medium and extracts of bioactive compounds from green banana peel through the extraction method in a shaken orbital flask and through the ultrasound-assisted extraction method, comparing the two extraction methods with analyses of phenolic compounds by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and analyses of antioxidant activity by the DPPH method. The pectin extraction yielded 6.67% and the values of phenolic compounds found were 0.836 ± 0.112 mg EAG/g of dry bark with water and 0.687 ± 0.009 mg EAG/g of dry bark with 70% ethanol in the extraction in a shaken orbital flask and 0.915 ± 0.135 mg EAG/g of dry bark with water and 1.201 ± 0.327 mg EAG/g of dry bark with 70% ethanol in the ultrasound-assisted extraction, showing no significant difference when comparing the two methods. The DPPH analysis showed the presence of antioxidant compounds, however in low concentrations, requiring a large amount of sample to reach the EC50. The extracts of the bioactive compounds and pectin were added to the formulation of a cosmetic body moisturizer and the formulation test was performed. The formulations and percentages tested were not compatible, and it was not possible to obtain a stable formulation in this study.