Análise fitoquímica e atividades biológicas de macrófitas aquáticas coletadas no Parque Barigui, Curitiba - PR

Abstract

Aquatic macrophytes comprise a great diversity of species belonging to many botanical families that are, in part, still little explored and, therefore, have a high potential for discovering new active ingredients. The objective of the work was to develop a preliminary bioprospecting study, involving the process of investigating biological activities of plant extracts, of aquatic species collected in Parque Barigui, Curitiba: Hydrocotyle cf. ranunculoides, Myriophyllum cf. aquaticume Sagittaria cf. montevidensis. The extraction procedure was carried out with the maceration technique, using 92% hydroethanolic solution as extracting liquid, followed by drying and freeze-drying, thus obtaining the crude extracts. Biological activity analyzes were carried out: antioxidant by the DPPH method and antimicrobial by the minimum inhibitory concentration technique, using microdilution in wells with the bacteria E. coli and S. aureus. The extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical tests, characterizing the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins, as well as being analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). As a general result, the plant species researched showed great antioxidant potential, but did not indicate antimicrobial activities of the bacteria E. coli and S. aureus. In phytochemical tests, all species indicated the presence of alkaloids and flavonoids, but Hydrocotyle cf. ranunculoides, also indicated the presence of saponins and Myriophyllum cf. aquaticum and Sagittaria cf. montevidensis, show the presence of tannins. From these results we can conclude that the collected aquatic macrophytes have great potential to be used as phytochemical medicines and in the future, with more studies, they could become pharmaceuticals.