O processo de soldagem da liga de alumínio 7075: desafios e avanços tecnológicos

Abstract

Aluminum is widely used in industry due to its mechanical properties, low density, and corrosion resistance. The 7075 aluminum alloy, known for its high mechanical strength and durability, is essential for the aerospace, automotive, and naval sectors. However, its welding presents significant challenges, such as porosity, hot cracking, and the formation of oxide inclusions, which compromise the quality and integrity of welded joints. This study aimed to investigate the TIG welding process of the 7075 alloy, reviewing the literature, analyzing the properties of the alloy, and exploring technological innovations. The methodology was based on a comprehensive literature review using recognized databases, such as ScienceDirect and Scielo, as well as specialized journals. The results highlighted that operational parameters, such as welding current and the insertion of nanoparticles, directly influence the quality of the joints. The study compared the TIG and MIG processes, demonstrating the superiority of TIG in reducing defects and improving mechanical properties such as hardness and tensile strength. It was concluded that the TIG process, combined with the application of innovative techniques, is essential to overcoming the challenges of welding the 7075 alloy, meeting the modern industry's demand for lightweight and high-performance materials.