Mapeamento geodésico: estudo de caso em uma trilha ecológica utilizando GNSS e estação total

Abstract

The evolution of mapping technologies has progressed continuously, requiring the careful choice of appropriate techniques for each type of work in order to minimize errors in determining the coordinates of the earth's surface and ensure greater accuracy in the results. The management and conservation of natural areas depends on accurate georeferenced mapping, making it easier to locate and interpret strategic points, such as those on nature trails. The aim of this study was to survey a series of points within the ecological trail at UTFPR's Dois Vizinhos campus, obtaining UTM coordinates using GNSS receivers and a total station. The data was used to generate maps, allowing analysis of the effectiveness and possible differences between the coordinates obtained by both pieces of equipment. The technique used for the total station was the transportation of coordinates for later mapping using a framed polygon where the support points were surveyed with GNSS receivers. The points were surveyed with GNSS receivers using the relative Stop and Go method. The points obtained in the survey with the station compared to the GNSS receivers had different results, mainly regarding altitude, which can be seen in the statistical analysis. This may have happened for a number of reasons, from human error to environmental conditions. The work therefore made it possible to assess the limitations and potential of the two methods used, making it possible to check the accuracy of the methods and highlight any errors, as well as data validation techniques.