Metodologia para análise econômica de alternativas energéticas: comparação entre o mercado livre de energia e painéis solares

Abstract

In recent years, the increase in electricity tariff costs has led companies to look for alternatives to optimize their operational expenses and improve financial planning. Given this scenario, two solutions stand out: migration to the Free Energy Market (MLE) and investment in photovoltaic solar energy systems. The Free Energy Market offers consumers the possibility of negotiating directly with suppliers, customizing energy contracts according to their specific demands and, thus, reducing costs. Photovoltaic systems, by converting sunlight into electricity, provide a sustainable and long-term alternative, allowing companies to generate their own energy and reduce dependence on utilities. This work focuses on the analysis of a case study to economically evaluate which of these alternatives presents greater viability and financial return for a specific company. The research uses analysis tools such as Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR), in addition to considering tariff projections and different consumption scenarios, with the aim of offering a solid basis for strategic decision-making.