Proposição e simulação de curto-circuito de uma microrrede rural para realização de estudos em sistemas de distribuição de energia

Abstract

The aim of this work is to study short circuits in a proposed rural microgrid made up of a photovoltaic plant, an industrial plant, and residential loads. With a special focus on analyzing the impacts and differences in short-circuit levels when the microgrid operates in isolation and when it is connected to the main power grid. This analysis is crucial for the proper sizing of the microgrid’s protection system since the system must adapt to two different operating scenarios. The study covers short circuits in the two modes of operation of the microgrid and investigates their implications for sizing and configuring the main functions of a protection system. The significant variations in currents during different types of electrical faults reveal the need for an adaptive approach, indicating that a conventional protection system with a single setting may not be suitable for efficiently protecting a microgrid. Therefore, it is suggested that solutions are needed that allow protection devices to switch between settings to detect changes in the microgrid’s operating state. This highlights the importance of solutions that allow protection devices to adapt to changes in the microgrid’s operating state.