Revisão sobre métodos e aplicações da pesquisa operacional na indústria

Abstract

Operational Research is a tool increasingly used by companies to optimize processes and minimize operating costs. With the help of this tool, it is possible, for exemple, to point out the best market and calculate its size, for a given product, calculating the exact quantity of production that avoids waste. This present work carries out an updated survey of the applications of Operational Research to productive systems, in order to facilitate the understanding of the importance of Operational Research tools in the productive processes of the industry. For this, the most relevant articles were selected from the Web of Science and Elsevier database, available on the CAPES portal. These papers were separated and selected using the methodology, which retrieves only the complete and most relevant articles to the topic, ordering them in a ranking of relevance to the subject. Then, the main Operations Research methodologies and applications used in these articles were compiled. Books, book chapters and other scientific articles were also used to describe part of the history and uses of Operations Research. The results show that Operations Research uses tools that have emerged to support various human activities. And that, in industry, Operational Research has been used to generate competitive advantages in the market, to optimize production processes, to maximize profits and for sustainability, seeking procedures to mitigate the environmental impact of productive activities.