Entre a intuição e a cognição: o papel do método hipotético-dedutivo no desempenho de enxadristas

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the applicability of the Hypothetico-Deductive Method (HDM) in the development of chess players' strategic reasoning, exploring its possible contribution to decision-making during chess games. The research combined qualitative and quantitative methods, starting with the analysis of 420 videos available on the Lichess platform, which were used to map themes and player profiles. From this initial dataset, 50 annotated games played by chess players of three different skill levels (Grandmasters, International Masters, and players with a rating below 2000) were selected as the main corpus for analysis. In these games, the stages of the HDM were observed and described, allowing for comparisons between strategies and decision-making processes of players, especially under time pressure. The results indicated a consistent association between the use of the HDM and the accuracy of moves, particularly among titled players. It was also observed that, even under reduced time conditions, players who applied simplified versions of the HDM minimized critical errors. Additionally, a dynamic interaction between intuition and cognition was identified, showing that more experienced players alternate between intuitive and analytical approaches depending on the context. The study is limited by the sample being restricted to specific player profiles and by the absence of directly measured emotional variables. It is concluded that the HDM shows potential to inspire pedagogical proposals in chess teaching, particularly in the development of strategic and scientific reasoning skills. However, future investigations are recommended to assess its effects in formal educational contexts and to explore other factors, such as emotional and technological aspects, that may influence chess performance.