Bioprospecção e caracterização de microrganismos com potencial biotecnológico no Rio Toledo

Abstract

The continuous increase in the consumption of soaps and detergents in the global market worries, because these products contain surfactants, which are molecules that contain properties physicochemicals and can harm health or natural biomes when they enter in contact with the environment. In this case, the importance of treatment and correct direction of effluents that contain high concentrations of detergents, soaps and sanitizers present in all productive sectors and residences. Thinking about it, the objective of this work was to bioprospect and characterize microorganisms, derived from the Toledo River in Toledo - Paraná, with biotechnological potential. Samples were taken at five points along the river, being selected four strains and isolated in basal culture medium + dodecyl-sulfate of Sodium (SDS). Was performed microbial growth curves and analyte calibration curves associating them to quantify the parameters and determine the kinetics of degradation of the surfactant for each of the four strains. The identification of isolated strains was performed directly via molecular biology tools with the PCR technique and sequencing rRNA 16S analysis of DNA by the nucleotide BLAST algorithm. After the results of the sequencing of the samples of DNA sent up microorganisms such as Klebsiella pneumonaae (1A1), Klebsiella variicola (2A1), Lelliota amnigena (3B1) and Enterobacter soli (5A2), all belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae and gram negative. According to the results Lelliota amnigena demonstrated has a greater ability to perform cell mass growth when compared to strains isolates under study, since between 12 and 24 hours of cultivation it multiplied four times (from 2.0x103 to 8.0x103 CFU mL -1). The kinetic parameters were not presented because the effect of the matrix was not considered during the measurement of the substrate concentration. Antibiotic tests were also performed with available antimicrobial diffusion disks, in the laboratory and in excess to K. pneumoneae which showed resistance against bacitracin and erythromycin resistance, the isolates were similar susceptible to the antibiotics tested. All isolated microorganisms have pathogenic potential and the presence of surfactants, even after effluent treatment, may be linked to their presence in the Toledo River.