Reciclagem de neodímio para produção de ímãs permanentes NdFeB utilizados em geradores de energia eólica

Abstract

The production of wind energy has stood out among the possibilities of generating energy because it is clean and renewable. Neodymium permanent magnets are used in wind generators as they enable the construction of smaller, lighter and more efficient generators. Considering that Nd recycling can contribute to the development of the energy sector, this work aimed to carry out a study on Nd recycling routes, aiming for its use in wind turbines. Through bibliographical research, it was possible to verify that the recovery of this material is dependent on several factors, such as availability and quality of the material to be recycled. Considering that the largest source of material comes from urban mines, the hydrometallurgical method, using green solvents and ionic liquids, appears to be the most promising as it covers different compositions and generates a lower environmental impact. In cases where the material comes from the primary production of magnets, the hydrogen decreptation method, followed by grain boundary modification, can be applied, as it can generate a material with better specifications than the original material, in addition to presenting lower environmental impacts, such as a minimum volume of waste, low energy expenditure and low consumption of inputs.