Sensoriamento remoto para monitorar risco de ruptura de barragens

Abstract

Dam safety is na increasing concern in Brazil, especially due to recent accidents that have caused severe environmental and human impacts. In this context, the need arises to develop and apply new technologies focused on monitoring these structures. This study aimed to design and implement a system based on an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), applied to a prototype simulating a dam failure. IMU technology, recognized for its precision and efficiency, integrates acceleration, gyroscope and magnetometer sensors and is widely used in various fields, such as entertainment accessories, aerospace equipment, civil and military defence systems, as well as monitoring structures like dams, rumways, bridges and buildings. The developed system utulizas radiofrequency (RF) transceivers to transmit vibration data collected by the sensor to a central unit. These data are, then, stored and displayed in real time on a mobile application, that presents an intuitive graphical interface. Through the application, the safety limits, defined previously by the responsible engineer with basis on the specific characteristic of the dam, are monitored, and alerts are triggered when these limits are axceeded. Given the growing demand for innovative technologies in geotechnical instrumentation, this work contributes to the advancement of electronic systems applied to civil engineering, promoting greater safety, efficiency in data collection and mitigation of acccident risks.