Otimização da extração de compostos antioxidantes presentes na erva mate (Ilex Paraguariensis St. Hill) utilizando planejamento experimental simplex-centróide

Abstract

The efficient extraction of antioxidant compounds from yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hill) is of great interest due to its potential health benefits. In this study, the simplexcentroid statistical methodology was used to investigate the effects of different solvents and their mixtures on obtaining extracts with high antioxidant activity. The solvents evaluated included ethanol, water and acetone, in binary and ternary combinations. The experimental results, together with the response surface models, showed that the interactions between the three solvents resulted in the highest extract yields and the highest antioxidant activity. The optimized ratio for antioxidant activity was 33% ethanol, 25% acetone and 42% water. For yield, the optimum point was 57% water and 43% acetone. Using the desirability function for the joint optimization of responses, the optimum extraction condition was determined. The results showed that the optimum condition is a ratio of 33% ethanol, 25% acetone and 42% water, guaranteeing the best response for antioxidant activity and yield, 16.02 ± 0.13 mgDPPH/gAS and 3.01 % ± 0.06 %, respectively. These results are incremental for the development of more efficient extraction processes that lead to obtaining products with improved antioxidant potential, thus contributing to the valorization and sustainable use of yerba mate in the food and pharmaceutical industries.