Comparação entre dois métodos para coleta da temperatura de superfícies urbanas: medições in- situ e VANTS integrados com câmera térmica

Abstract

This dissertation presents a comparative study on urban surface temperature measurements using two distinct procedures: manual measurements by thermal scanners (procedure 1) and images based on UAVs integrated with thermal cameras (procedure 2). The research was carried out in urban, suburban and rural environments, evaluating the effectiveness and limitations of each procedure in different locations, heights and times of the day. With increasing urban temperatures, accurate surface temperature measurement is essential to mitigate climate effects in cities. The study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness and reliability of traditional methods compared to the use of UAVs, aiming to optimize urban climate monitoring. The research was carried out using a Parrot Anafi Thermal UAV equipped with a FLIR Lepton 3.5 thermal camera, in contrast to manual measurements performed with a RayTemp 38 scanner. Data were collected at different heights (low, medium and high) and at different times of the day (morning, noon and evening). The data collection was carried out in three locations in the city of Tubarão (SC) during the months of July 2023 and January 2024. The results showed that the measurements obtained by the UAV presented greater spatial precision and allowed a detailed visualization of temperature variations on different urban surfaces. The differences between manual measurements and those performed by the UAV were small, but more pronounced at higher altitudes. The largest temperature difference was 6 °C between the procedures at high altitudes. The study concluded that the use of UAVs offers an effective and flexible tool for climate monitoring in urban areas, overcoming some of the limitations of manual methods. In addition to greater spatial resolution, UAVs allow data collection in areas that are difficult to access, demonstrating their potential for applications in urban microclimate research.