Fatores humanos como barreiras para eficiência energética em indústrias

Abstract

The Brazilian industrial sector, that consumes practically half of electric energy in the country, had registered an increase of energy losses, although Governmental policies for incentive to the rational use of energy. The specialized literature in organizations indicates the importance of Organizational Human Factors (OHF) for the performance of companies. This work presents a study accomplished in ten industries in the State of Parana, Brazil, in sectors biggest consumers of electricity in the region - pulp and paper, foods, products of wood and chemical - with the purpose to analyze the correlation between the level of energy loss and the OHF. The losses of electric energy were determined in motor systems with aiding of a mathematical model and the evaluation of twenty seven OHF identified in the literature review was made with the supervisors in the industries by means of structuralized questionnaire. Seven OHF had presented significative correlation with energy losses and six of them are inversely proportional to the losses, as is shows the analysis of linear regression. The inversely proportional factors to the losses also with significative correlation are considered determinative OHF and constitute barriers for energy efficiency in organizations. These barriers are linked with following organizational areas: Management system; Education and qualification of employees; Strategical vision.