O ensino da astronomia nos anos iniciais da educação básica

Abstract

Astronomy is evidently present in our lives, we just need to simply observe the sky to be enchanted by such an immensity of the Universe. In elementary education, in the early years, teachers generally dedicate themselves more to literacy in the portuguese language and mathematics curricular components and end up leaving the other components in the background. Therefore, this work aimed to develop an educational product that met the needs of this group of teachers with the purpose of providing conditions so that they could work on the basics of astronomy. This product was applied in a municipal institution in a city in the interior located in the northwest of the state of Parana, through a vygotskian-inspired teaching proposal with suggestions for experiments, demonstrations and other practical activities focused on rotation and translation movements, associating such movements to the seasons, in addition to examining the periodicity of the moon's phases, using observations and records of the moon's apparent shapes in the sky. We believe that the results of this product were positive, as it awakened students' curiosity about science, as well as questions related to the natural phenomena observed, in addition to trying to formulate hypotheses about these same phenomena.