Análise da influência da variação de parâmetros de fabricação na manufatura aditiva de polímeros

Abstract

Additive manufacturing has become increasingly widespread as a manufacturing process focused on producing small-scale parts with a high degree of customization. However, this high level of customization results in significant variability in the manufacturing characteristics that must be chosen during production. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the behavior of two different materials used in polymeric material extrusion-based manufacturing when varying three different manufacturing parameters: printing direction, layer height, and infill density. The goal was to primarily reduce unnecessary manufacturing costs and the amount of rework required. Statistical analysis methods, including fractional factorial experiments, central composite design (response surface methodology), and analysis of variance (ANOVA), were employed to define the experimental procedures. Subsequently, data treatment, analysis, and presentation of the results obtained from compression and flexural tests were conducted. The most significant results were due to the variation in infill density in both materials, achieving an increase of approximately 30% in compressive strength using only 6.5% more filament. The printing direction also showed considerable results, achieving variations of over 30% and allowing specimens with lower infill density to achieve better strength and modulus of elasticity results, primarily due to economic factors, as an optimized direction causes minimal changes in print time and material usage. It is concluded that both materials have similar characteristics and that specific manufacturing configurations for the application can generate material savings and increase the mechanical strength of the parts.