Previsão da suscetibilidade a escorregamentos de taludes rodoviários utilizando sistema de informações geográficas em trechos das rodovias Br-158 e Br-373

Abstract

Assessing susceptibility the slope landslides along highways is essential for developing of strategies for prevention and mitigation of geotechnical risks. I order to realize this, it is necessary to investigate the characteristics of slopes that contribute to the occurrence of these events. This study aims to develop a predictive analysis of landslides on highways, allowing the identification of areas that require detailed evaluations in specific sections through an approach that integrates geographic and geotechnical information about the area, aiming to optimize resources for monitoring road slopes. In order achieve this goal, a multicriteria analysis was adopted based on the limit equilibrium theory, supported by geotechnologies such as remote sensing images through Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Deterministic models there used to calculate the safety factor (FS) in different slope profiles, considering physical and mechanical properties of soils, and data related to the current conditions of the evaluated slopes. The analysis was conducted in a section of BR–158, between the municipalities of Pato Branco (PR) and Chopinzinho (PR), and a section of the BR–373 highway, between the municipalities of Coronel Vivida (PR) and Candói (PR). Using GIS operations, the land surface was represented through digital terrain models (DTM), slope, vegetation cover, soil friction angle, and cohesion, indicating stability based on safety level classes or safety factor. The evaluation was based on historical data of landslides in the region and stability studies developed with the GeoStudio software. The evaluation was based on historical landslide data in the region and stability studies conducted using the GeoStudio software. The FS analysis showed a 62.5% compatibility between registered landslides and areas classified as unstable and critically unstable in comparied to the safety level map with landslide scars. Out of the 160 slopes evaluated in this study, 44.4% were found to be stable against landslides under critical rainfall conditions. Regarding the 37.5% that are incompatible with the scars, it was observed that all the records are related to embankment slopes and the cause of instability could be attributed to construction factors. The obtained results can contribute to the planning and management of highways, assisting in decision-making regarding containment projects, drainage systems, slope monitoring, and defining risk zones, allowing for an efficient and strategic planning of actions at the network level. Additionally,the method and results are expected to support other studies on prevention and mitigation of geotechnical disasters in different geographical regions with different geotechnical contexts.