Diagnóstico de avarias em motores de indução trifásicos utilizando técnica de assinatura de corrente elétrica

Abstract

The present work aims to present common faults associated with induction motors and apply the Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA) to diagnose failures. First, references that added relevant information to the topics covered were selected, such as: construction of three-phase induction motors and their operation; three-phase induction motor failure detection methods; signal processing theory and its mathematical methods, etc. In the experimental tests, five threephase induction motors were used, two of which had no defects, one with damage to the winding, one with damage to the bearing and the other with a failure in the rotor bars. Each engine was tested individually in two different configurations, no load and full load operations. Using the MATLAB tool, the signal processing was developed. Finally, the likely frequencies of occurrence of sidebands were calculated and the conclusions about the obtained results were performed and elucidated in a succinct and objective way. For the motor with a defect in the winding, the results in the test with load showed sidebands close to the expected frequency of occurrence. In the motor with defective rotor bars, it was possible to identify the expected frequency sidebands close to the calculated frequencies, for the two operating conditions of the motor. Spectral analysis was inconclusive for the defective bearing motor.