Métodos de ensino e recursos tecnológicos aplicados na alfabetização de alunos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista: manual digital para alfabetização de alunos com TEA

Abstract

The literacy of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are highly complex processes that are not widely disseminated in the literature. The use of specific teaching methods and technological resources are essential for the teaching and learning process in this context. Consequently, to offer an inclusive education, teachers need to know their students, know how to apply the various teaching methodologies and technological resources that can support their pedagogical practice. The objective of this research was to investigate the practice of teaching methods and technological resources that are being applied in the literacy of students with ASD in a special education institution and to develop an educational product to guide the teachers involved. The case study carried out for this investigation included document analysis, systematic observation and interviews. The development of the educational product occurred after the documental analysis of the teaching work plans and the systematic observation of the practice in the classrooms. The Discursive Textual Analysis was used for the treatment of data obtained from the transcription of interviews with teachers. The results indicated that teachers have difficulties in the application of teaching methods and technological resources for the literacy of students with ASD. In the teaching and learning process, difficulties were also identified in relation to the student's behavior and curricular adaptation, in addition to a lack of teacher training. ABA, PECS, and TEACCH are the most used approaches. Lina Educa and ABC Autism are the most used applications, despite the existence of many applications for the literacy of students with ASD. The elaboration of the Digital Manual for the Literacy of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder, an educational product of this research, is a contribution to the teaching practice for the literacy of students with ASD.