Ferramentas para auxiliar na elaboração de análises ergonômicas para atividades no setor de construção civil

Abstract

Ergonomics seeks to analyze the way human beings relate to the work environment and the method used to manage and control the work performed in this environment, regarding the adaptation of the task to be performed in this work to the human body. In civil construction, the use of ergonomics is a difficult and rarely used task, due to the variability of tasks at the construction site and also because there are no conceptualized processes such as in a production line. For this reason, it is very difficult to identify the ergonomic deviations that can affect the worker’s health and cause occupational diseases. Therefore, the objective of this monograph was to develop a checklist that could indicate and describe the ideal tool to be used among those available. The methodology used was an algebraic summation in Excel based on the following tools: the RULA, Niosh, Ocra and Kim methods, the OWAS System, the Nordic Questionnaire, the Couto Checklist and the Moore & Garg Method. During the analysis, the user marks an “X” on the data collected from the task performed by the collaborator. In the end, there is a result indicating the most appropriate tool for the task. The obtained results made clear that the application of ergonomics is fundamental in the civil construction field, a sector which lacks further ergonomics studies, although it incorporates tasks with high ergonomic risks. Thus, in conclusion, the application of the developed questionnaire made it easier and more applicable to choose the tool that best suits on carrying out the AET.