Identificação e análise do perfil de relato de ESG de organizações no Brasil listadas na B3

Abstract

The growing importance of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) reporting is supported by the fact that investors and other stakeholders are calling on companies to disclose more about their sustainability and environmental, social and governance strategies. While the demand for and practice of ESG reporting has increased, there is still a considerable knowledge gap between ESG information and supply. This gap is driven by several factors, such as different ESG reporting standards and frameworks, unofficial reporting regimes, and steep costs to collect and report data. With this complexity constantly evolving, it can be challenging to identify the most appropriate frameworks and standards for disclosure and how best to use them to communicate your company's ESG profile to investors. In this sense, the objective of this research is to identify the ESG reporting profile of companies in Brazil. Using the ESG Disclosure Guidance Database from the Sustainable Stock Exchanges Initiative (SSE), the key ESG indices used by the world's stock exchanges were analyzed and the frameworks of the world's fifteen largest economies discussed and analyzed. The relationship of the SDGs to ESG business has also been a factor of great importance in the business world. According to the Global Compact, 83% of the companies that are part of B3's Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE) have processes to integrate the SDGs into their strategies, goals, and results. In view of this, the research analysis considered the 17th ISE portfolio, which is a sustainability analysis tool of the companies listed on B3. This portfolio, for the year 2021/2022, brings together 48 companies and together they account for 38.26% of the total market value of the companies with shares traded on B3. After the analysis of the 48 reports disclosed by the companies, a standardization was identified in relation to the themes and contents and which are the most important indexes used in Brazil. As the GRI index that appears in 97.9% of the reports, followed by the SASB index present in 85.4%. Issues such as GHG emissions and energy management are the subjects most addressed by the companies in terms of environmental indicators. On the other hand, health and safety and impact on society appear as the topics with the greatest impact on social issues. In governance, risk management and governance structure are the themes that companies most disclose. It was also observed that of the 48 companies studied, 46 addressed the goals and strategies of the SDGs, in general goal 8 is the most highlighted, being present in 93.75% of the reports. Although there is no main framework/guidance, companies are concerned about disclosing their ESG data in a standard way so that their stakeholders can understand and analyze the results in the best possible way.