Os efeitos da minigeração solar fotovoltaica no perfil de tensão em um sistema de distribuição

Abstract

The insertion of distributed generation in distribution systems has become a strong trend, both on the economic side, due to the low maintenance cost and reduced energy bill costs, and on the sustainable side, as it is a renewable, non-polluting and inexhaustible source. However, depending on the location and power of the generator, this generation method can cause problems in the network voltage profile, affecting the voltage stability of the electrical system. In this context, this work aims to analyze the behavior of the voltage profile with the insertion of photovoltaic distributed generation in the IEEE 13-bus test system through simulations using the OpenDSS software. For this, 8 scenarios were used, alternating between the three phase bars and the insertion of the photovoltaic system, using two power values of 85kW and 5MW for generation, resulting in 16 simulations. When comparing the grid voltage profile before, base case, with the results after the photovoltaic insertion, it was found that the lower generation power had little significance in the grid voltage profile. This is because, among its scenarios, the one that reached the highest module voltage, extrapolating the PRODIST power quality limits, obtained the same voltage profile as the base case. However, in the other scenarios, the further away from the substation (SE) the photovoltaic generation was inserted, the lower the maximum voltage values were. The generation of greater power caused more impacts on the system, causing more occurrences of voltage violations and also greater voltage modules. Thus, it was possible to conclude that the system's voltage profile already presents a violation of the maximum voltage levels in the bars furthest from the SE, and that the greater the power of the mini DG and the closer the insertion bar is to the SE, the more will occur network overvoltage problems.