Avaliação e determinação da produção de monoglicerídeos e diglicerídeos a partir da reação de glicerólise enzimática do azeite de oliva

Abstract

The aim of the present work was to monitor the production of monoacylglycerols (MAG) and diacylglycerols (DAG) from olive oil, using Tween 80 as surfactant, butanol as cosurfactant and Lipozyme TL 100 enzyme as a biocatalyst, to obtain higher added value emulsifying agents. The tests were performed in twelve microemulsion points that had stability to glycerolysis, the point that presented the highest conversion efficiency of the triacylglycerols (TAG) was submitted to a factorial design 2³ and another 2². This methodology was adopted to optimize the production and to find the point with greater production of MAG and DAG. The results obtained from these schedules showed that the optimum condition is the one that was treated as the center point, glycerol molar ratio: oil 2:1, 35ºC, 600 rpm, 7.5% (m/m) of enzyme and at a reaction of 120 minutes and showed a conversion efficiency of approximately 98% in MAG and DAG, whereas the less efficient samples had conversion of approximately 58% at the extrapolated points of the factorial design. From these conditions the reaction kinetics of the more and less efficient samples were monitored and the order of reaction was determined, and it is a first order reaction and pseudo first order, respectively.