Análise de viabilidade econômica de biodigestor de dejetos em granja de suínos em Francisco Beltrão-PR: um estudo de caso

Abstract

Brazil has been increasing the size of its pig herd every year, which justifies the growth in the domestic market and in its meat exports. Intensive animal husbandry generates an increase in the production of waste and residues, a scenario that has been worrying from an economic and environmental point of view. Therefore, treating this waste through a biodigester is a way of reducing the environmental impact caused by these materials, enabling a sustainable increase in livestock numbers and also resolving environmental liabilities. However, as it is a technology with little information and high implementation costs, this work sought to describe the operation of these projects and also analyze their economic forecast, understanding whether their installation is economically viable. To achieve this, it was necessary to carry out a case study, with a complete survey of production costs and also the revenues obtained from the activity, pricing the by-products obtained in the biodigesters, as well as the liquid biofertilizer (digestate), the solid biofertilizer and the energy production from biogas. To analyze the project forecast, the NPV (Net Present Value), IRR (Internal Rate of Return) and discounted payback were taken into account. Demonstrating that on scientific rural properties, as it has been extended today, investment in this type of biodigester is not economically viable. However, with the adaptation of some stages of the process, the investment could have an increase in options. Furthermore, it is clear that this is necessary equipment for the continuity of pig farming activities, enabling the project produced in the facilities to be properly treated.