Comparação dos processos de estonagem do jeans do método convencional (pedra e hipoclorito de sódio) com a estonagem enzimática: análise da resistência do jeans e da toxicidade do efluente gerado

Abstract

This study aims to present the importance of denim fabric in the market, being the most commercialized garment worldwide. Therefore, the consumer is increasingly interested in jeans that have differentiated finishes. The industrial laundry sector is responsible for giving effects to the garments, and the most famous washes are characterized by the aging of the fabric, providing a unique finish, making them meet the fashion trends. But at the same time there is an environmental concern behind the processes in this sector, due to the excessive use of natural resources and chemicals that are harmful to human health and the environment. In view of this, there is a need to seek awareness-raising measures, aiming at sustainable processes in the textile industries. Based on this, this study sought to explore the processes of conventional stoning using stones and chemical agents and stoning with enzymes, analyzing the toxicity of the effluents generated in the processes and verifying the impacts caused in relation to seed germination. In addition, it sought to compare the finishing on the piece in relation to the two methods applied, becoming much more evident that the conventional stoning caused a greater wear in the coloring of the piece. Another point analyzed in this study concerns the resistance to traction performed on the fabrics after washing, and both showed a decrease in their resistance.