Produção e caracterização de biopolímero à base de amido de mandioca e reciclagem de papel

Abstract

This study investigated the use of renewable materials, such as starch and paper waste, in the production of biopolymers, aiming for sustainable alternatives to petroleum-derived polymers in response to growing concerns about pollution caused by conventional plastics. Thermoplastic starch compounds have been highlighted for their specific properties, representing a biodegradable alternative that can reduce costs and minimize long-term environmental impacts. The work addressed aspects of biopolymers, emphasizing the central role of starch and exploring its promising combination with cellulose. Although they do not yet reach the full effectiveness of conventional plastics, biopolymers offer a unique and inspired perspective for future innovations. The biopolymer characterization process comprises physical-chemical and thermal analyses, through tests such as Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Archimedes Principle and Degradation Test. Despite identifying a non-uniform distribution of the material, the TGA highlighted the degradation ranges of starch and most organic compounds. In turn, FTIR brought to light specific characteristics related to the presence of starch, cellulose and glycerin. The biodegradability test, prolonged by burying the samples in the soil, confirmed the biopolymer's ability to degrade over a period of 40 days, demonstrating its response to the environment. It is concluded that the proposed methodology presented promising results on the properties of the material, indicating an innovative product with potential for diverse applications and a growing demand for environmentally friendly applications.