Unidade de aprendizagem sobre cálculo estequiométrico na perspectiva da pesquisa em sala de aula: algumas compreensões de estudantes do ensino médio

Abstract

The teaching of Stoichiometric Calculus in the High School Chemistry curricular component presents some challenges because it is content in which students struggle to learn and relate to reality. The question of this investigation is: How are the actions developed within the scope of a Learning Unit on Stoichiometric Calculation, from the perspective of Classroom Research, understood by students in the 2nd year of High School? The general objective is to identify the understandings of 2nd-year high school students around the actions developed in a Learning Unit prepared from the perspective of Classroom Research on Stoichiometric Calculation. This investigation is qualitative in nature participant type and was carried out using the teaching proposal Classroom Research through a Learning Unit on Stoichiometric Calculation, in the year 2022, with 34 students from the 2nd year of Education High school in a public school in the city of Curitiba, in the state of Paraná. The research corpus was constructed from class reports, questionnaires, the researcher’s field diaries, and materials produced by the students. Discursive Textual Analysis was used as a methodology for analyzing the research corpus. As a result, three categories emerged: i) Student learning in practice and its relationships with theory, on the perceptions and relationships that students made between practice and theory; ii) Questions from students in Classroom Research activities about the reasons why some students do not ask questions or the types of questions they ask; and iii) Difficulties faced by students during the Learning Unit, regarding conceptual difficulties, attention, and concentration and group work. Notably, the categories indicate that the students had some understanding regarding the actions developed in the Learning Unit, and they considered that they favored their learning, protagonism and challenged them to deal with various difficulties encountered while building knowledge about Stoichiometric Calculation.