Síntese de nanohidroxiapatita encapsulada em lipossomas para uso em dermocosméticos

Abstract

This work proposes the encapsulation of calcium hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles in a liposomal system as a tool to stimulate the formation of new collagen fibers in the skin. HAp is used as an active ingredient in dermocosmetics to slow down skin aging, since it acts by stimulating the production of endogenous collagen. This procedure is performed through injections of HAp in the desired location. A dermatological formulation of nanoHAp encapsulated in liposomes could provide its use at home, avoiding application pain and making the procedure cheaper. For the objective to be achieved, the first step was the synthesis of nanoHAp using the sol-gel method. After its characterization by XRD, SEM and DLS, the formation of a HAp phase nanostructure with average size in the nanometer scale (200 to 500 nm) was observed, achieved after sonication pulses. The next step was the synthesis of liposomal vesicles through the lipid film hydration method. The encapsulation of nanoHAp in liposomes was performed through hydration of a lipid film with nanoHAp solution. Characterizations of complex nanoHAp/liposomes were performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and thermogravimetry (TGA). The nanoHAp/liposome complex had an average size of 200 nm and the TEM images showed the inclusion of the nanoHAp in the aqueous core of the liposome.