Proposição de atividades investigativas no ensino de ciências da natureza utilizando a água como tema gerador

Abstract

Considering the multiple possible approaches in the teaching of Natural Sciences, we propose the elaboration and analysis of a manual of investigative activities that uses water as a theme in this study. Our objective is based on a work proposal that differs from the approach commonly used in classrooms, in which chemical knowledge is mobilized in the Natural Sciences curricular component in Elementary School through activities involving various resources and techniques under the investigative approach. Given this, the research consists of elaborating and validating an educational product in the manual format of activities. The manual consists of four activities planned and methodologically based on the investigative approach and uses Carvalho (2013) as a baseline reference. The validation of the product prototype took place with peers, in which teachers from the municipality of Ipixuna in Pará and regular students of the Professional master’s degree in chemistry in National Network - PROFQUI from the Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campus Medianeira, participated. A questionnaire-type research instrument was proposed, in which we initially sought to know the sociodemographic aspects of the participants and subsequently measured the degree of satisfaction of peers about the manual from the communicational, conceptual, and pedagogical axes, using a scale of the type of Likert with five points ranging from strongly disagree to agree strongly. In addition, essay questions were used to express the subjects of the proposed educational product. The quantitative data produced together with the pairs were organized in graphs and charts, and the qualitative information was analyzed based on the interpretation methodology of Content Analysis. The validation results indicate that the proposed activities manual is adequate and meets the requirements of quality and agreement about the evaluation axes used. Finally, we highlight the importance and encouragement of using the investigative approach in the critical formation of students.