Cultivo submerso do fungo Hericium erinaceus: avaliação do meio de cultivo na produção de biomassa micelial e exopolissacarídeo

Abstract

The fungus Hericium erinaceus has aroused interest in research due to its therapeutic and bioactive properties, which include antihyperglycemic, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory activities and positive effects on the cognitive system, especially in pathologies such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate the production of mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharides (EPS) by the fungus Hericium erinaceus (AT-BIO-301 strain 107001) in different culture media. Submerged cultures using Vogel's Minimum, Mineral Basal and Sugarcane Molasses media were carried out in shaken flasks in a shaker incubator (20 ºC, 150 rpm for 144 hours). The results showed that the fungus was able to grow in all culture media studied, with greater miscellaneous growth in Vogel's Minimum and Mineral Basal media. On the other hand, only the Basal Mineral Medium provided the production of exopolysaccharide (EPS) by the fungus (0.8 g/L). High content of proteins (15.2 g/L) and minerals (5.38 g/L) and low content of lipids (0.2 g/L) were found in the produced mycelial biomass. Absorption bands in the infrared (IR) region typical of carbohydrates (3450 cm-1, 3300 cm-1, 2960 cm-1, 2928 cm-1, 2852 cm-1, 1651 cm-1, 1462 cm-1, 844 cm-1, 618 cm-1 and 543 cm-1) were found in the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. The results of the FTIR analysis suggest that the monosaccharides present in EPS are possibly linked by glycosidic bonds with β configuration. The production of EPS by the fungus studied seems to be associated with the composition of the culture medium, requiring more detailed studies to elucidate this phenomenon.