P_AID: um protocolo de roteamento para redes veiculares

Abstract

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are wireless communication networks composed of vehicles that communicate cooperatively with each other and with the network infrastructure, in order to exchange information and compose an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). In an ITS, the aim is to provide innovative and reliable services related to traffic in roads, such as monitoring, incident notifications, weather alerts, among others. Data communication in a VANET can occur mainly in two ways: vehicle-to-vehicle, in which messages are sent directly between vehicles, and vehicle-to-infrastructure, in which communication is established between vehicles and the network infrastructure. In situations where it is necessary to communicate with vehicles outside the coverage area, multi-hop communication is used, where a message is transmitted through intermediate nodes until they reach their final destination. To enable this communication, an efficient routing protocol is needed, capable of delivering messages with a low delay and without overloading the network with unnecessary copies of messages. This work proposes a new routing protocol for VANETs, called Position-based Adaptive Approach for Information Dissemination (P_AID), which is a modification of the Adaptive Approach for Information Dissemination (AID) protocol. Simulations are performed to evaluate the performance of these protocols in terms of message delivery rate, average message delivery delay and message redundancy ratio, varying the number of vehicles in the network and the buffer size of these vehicles. In all scenarios and for all evaluated metrics, P_AID performs better than AID.