Usinabilidade de ferro fundido cinzento: análise energética, temperatura e rugosidade superficial

Abstract

For companies in the machining industry, the market is highly competitive, requiring optimized processes that structure their cost and profit policy, without neglecting the quality standard demanded by the market. The study of machinability focusing on the properties of the process strongly contributes to its progress, favoring the improvement of the hour cost ratio in the machining line. Thus, the purpose of this work is, based on the analysis of tests with square and round inserts, to define the best geometry of the cutting tool, determining the best finishes, the highest material removal rate and the lowest energy consumption for the cutting process for gray cast iron turning (FC-300), thus determining the best machining parameters for this material at a minimum cost. The results achieved lead to the conclusion that the option for a certain set of input parameters of the turning process is defined by the application of the desirable final product, since it was not possible to obtain simultaneous ideal results for all parameters/components resulting from the process of machining. It was observed, at different times, the possible occurrence of Build Up Edge (BUE), a situation in which a particle of machined material that accumulates on the exit surface of the tool, making shearing difficult. The presence of BUE directly influences the final product, changing the geometry of the insert, with effects on the entire turning process (force, temperature, tool wear and surface roughness).