Dados epidemiológicos do município de Dois Vizinhos - Paraná (sul do Brasil) e revisão cienciométrica sobre a COVID-19

Abstract

COVID-19 has as its etiological agent the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The multiplication of cases of the disease around the world led the WHO to classify the outbreak as a pandemic, a period in which hospitals were overcrowded, becoming another major challenge for health systems. Thus, the main way to contain the spread of the disease at the beginning of the pandemic was social isolation. More than two years ago the population started to be immunized, through vaccination against COVID-19, thus avoiding the spread of the disease. The objective of the research was to investigate the literature on gaps and trends in relation to COVID-19, associated with an epidemiological analysis of the disease in the municipality of Dois Vizinhos, Paraná located in southern Brazil. Thus, the present research is divided into two studies. Study I: A scientometric study was conducted on the Web of Science (WoS) with the terms "SARS-CoV-2" OR "COVID-19" OR "Coronavirus disease 2019" OR "2019-nCoV", within a period of four years, seeking to cover all journals indexed in WoS between January 1, 2018 and March 31, 2022. As a result of this search, 195 countries and 25 regions that published about COVID-19 among them USA (74,382), China (26,374), England (26,064) with the highest number of publications. A citation analysis resulted in an average of 358.36 citations. The five most frequent keywords expressed in clusters were sustainable development (136), higher education (136), SARS-CoV-2 (136), mental health (117) and air pollution (87). Regarding the main areas of work, General Internal Medicine gained prominence between 2018 and 2022. The 25 journals that published the most over these four years were analyzed. Study II: The research conducted in Dois Vizinhos was based on data extracted from the Notifica COVID-19 system, a system fed by health professionals in the state of Paraná (southern Brazil), after authorization from the local health department. This research resulted in 7,116 data of people diagnosed with COVID-19 where age, gender, comorbidities, profession and neighborhoods were analyzed. A higher percentage of positive diagnoses for the disease was observed in people aged between 25 and 29 years. Regarding gender, it was observed that 52.4% of positive diagnoses were female. One justification for this result may be the low demand by males for health services. Of the 7,116 positive cases for COVID-19, 1,719 patients had at least one type of comorbidity. The most common were hypertension (765), diabetes (223), cardiovascular disease (125) and pulmonary diseases (121). In relation to the area of work, it was observed that the food sectors, commerce in general, industries, health area and drivers are among the 5 classes with the highest number of positive diagnoses in the municipality. In the classification by Dois Vizinhos, the south center (710) of the municipality presented the highest number of positive cases for COVID-19. However, it is concluded that other studies should be carried out in order to obtain more information about COVID-19.