Estudo de viabilidade econômica - financeira para implementação de um sistema de aquecimento solar plano fechado para um pensionato

Abstract

One of the great challenges of today is the global energy supply, so that one of the means to rationalize the increase in energy demand is presented in the increase in the share of renewable sources in the energy matrix that cause the least possible environmental impact. The Brazilian energy matrix has a large portion from renewable sources; however, it is mainly composed of hydraulic sources, and its expansion to meet the increase in energy demand becomes increasingly unfeasible. Solar energy in the country, on the other hand, is still little explored and has high potential in Brazil, which has good values of solar irradiation in its territory. In this context, solar energy becomes highly attractive to complement the Brazilian energy matrix, contributing even more with the share of renewable sources. Thus, this work first aims at a literature review of the proposed theme, followed by the design of a solar heating system and analysis of the economic feasibility of implementing such a project in a boarding school with 15 people in the city of Curitiba-PR. The work aims at large residences, since the residential sector is the second largest responsible for all energy consumption in the country, and even within this context, the shower is the equipment that consumes the most energy. In the sizing, following the due norms, a thermal reservoir of 800 L and 8 solar panels of 2.0 m² were shown to be more suitable for the case study project. With the survey of budgets, economic engineering calculations were made using Microsoft Excel Software. In the economic feasibility study, the investment proved to be viable for several financing scenarios, obtaining valid numbers in the indicators of Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, payback and discounted paybac.